Search by what the work actually is

Astrophysics, Cosmology & Extreme-Scale Modelling

A small simulation run at two resolutions, with the convergence difference reported.

Scale 10^13 m to 10^100 m

Can explain what a redshift measures and what has to be assumed to turn it into a distance. · Has analysed a real astronomical dataset, including its selection function. · Statistics and Bayesian inference: priors, posteriors, and what a credible interval claims. · Python for astronomical data analysis, in a pipeline that reruns. + 5 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

How one material behaves under an extreme-environment exposure, and what the data does not cover.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^0 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

Orbits, constellations and the operational consequences of each design choice.

Scale 10^6 m to 10^9 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 6 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

The division's technical direction and its hardest system-level problems.

Scale 10^3 m to 10^13 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

Several aerospace programmes at once, and the margin discipline applied across them.

Scale 10^3 m to 10^13 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

What this division works on, who works on it, and the rule that maturity is stated in every outward claim.

Scale 10^3 m to 10^13 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

Materials for vacuum, radiation and thermal cycling, and the qualification evidence they would need.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^0 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

One aerospace analysis carried out under real constraints that trade against each other.

Scale 10^3 m to 10^13 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Civil, Structural & Macro-Scale Systems

Structural and system models at infrastructure scale, with their validation evidence.

Scale 10^0 m to 10^6 m

Can analyse a statically indeterminate structure and check the result by an independent method. · Structural analysis: load paths, limit states, and why a code has both. · Has run a structural finite element model and validated it against hand calculation. · Construction materials: concrete, steel, and the time-dependent behaviour of each. + 4 more

Aerospace, Space & Extreme Environment Engineering

A mission concept analysed to first-order budgets, with the binding constraint identified.

Scale 10^3 m to 10^13 m

Orbital mechanics: can propagate a two-body orbit and explain what perturbs it. · Has run an engineering analysis for a system with mass, power and thermal constraints that trade against each other. · Understands the space environment: vacuum, radiation, thermal cycling, and what each does to hardware. · Python for mission and systems analysis. + 4 more

Mechanical, Robotics & Multi-Scale Systems

The simulations themselves, and the evidence that each one has converged.

Scale 10^-3 m to 10^3 m

Can draw a free-body diagram for a real assembly and derive its governing equations. · Solid mechanics: stress, strain, failure criteria, and which criterion applies to which material. · Has run a finite element analysis and carried out a mesh convergence study on it. · CAD to the level of producing a manufacturable part, not just a picture. + 4 more

Mechanical, Robotics & Multi-Scale Systems

A finite element problem set up from scratch and verified against a closed-form solution.

Scale 10^-3 m to 10^3 m

Can draw a free-body diagram for a real assembly and derive its governing equations. · Solid mechanics: stress, strain, failure criteria, and which criterion applies to which material. · Has run a finite element analysis and carried out a mesh convergence study on it. · CAD to the level of producing a manufacturable part, not just a picture. + 4 more

Computer Science, AI & Scientific Computing

Twins of real systems, with a written statement of what each one represents and where it stops being valid.

Scale 10^-3 m to 10^6 m

Fluent in Python, and able to write code somebody else can read, test and extend. · Data structures and algorithms to the level of choosing correctly and justifying the choice. · Comfortable on Linux, and with Git as a working tool rather than a save button. · Has written tests for numerical code and can explain what a tolerance in a test means. + 6 more

Computer Science, AI & Scientific Computing

Simulation platforms: solvers, verification, and the convergence evidence behind every run.

Scale 10^-100 m to 10^100 m

Fluent in Python, and able to write code somebody else can read, test and extend. · Data structures and algorithms to the level of choosing correctly and justifying the choice. · Comfortable on Linux, and with Git as a working tool rather than a save button. · Has written tests for numerical code and can explain what a tolerance in a test means. + 6 more

Molecular Engineering & Computational Chemistry

Multi-molecule and supramolecular systems, where the interesting behaviour is collective.

Scale 10^-10 m to 10^-7 m

Can explain what a basis set is, and what changes when you change one. · Has run a geometry optimisation and can say how convergence was judged. · Understands the difference between a force field and an electronic-structure calculation, and when each is appropriate. · Thermodynamics to the level of relating a free energy difference to an equilibrium constant. + 4 more

Quantum, Atomic & Precision Systems

Many-body and atomic simulations at the sizes that can actually be converged.

Scale 10^-12 m to 10^-8 m

Can write the state of a two-qubit system, apply a gate to it, and compute a measurement probability by hand. · Comfortable with Hermitian operators, eigendecomposition, tensor products and partial trace. · Has implemented a quantum circuit in Qiskit or an equivalent SDK and interpreted its output including noise. · Can state the difference between a simulated result and a result from hardware, and does so unprompted. + 4 more

Particle, High-Energy & Nuclear Systems

How radiation damages a material over time, modelled at the level where the damage is created.

Scale 10^-12 m to 10^-6 m

Can state what a cross-section is, in what units, and how it relates to an event rate. · Has written a Monte Carlo simulation and can explain its variance and how it was reduced. · Competent in statistics: likelihood, confidence intervals, and why a p-value is not a probability that a hypothesis is true. · Can write analysis code in Python or C++ that another person can run on the same data and reproduce. + 6 more

Particle, High-Energy & Nuclear Systems

The Monte Carlo pipelines: correctness, variance reduction, and making them run the same way twice.

Scale 10^-18 m to 10^-12 m

Can state what a cross-section is, in what units, and how it relates to an event rate. · Has written a Monte Carlo simulation and can explain its variance and how it was reduced. · Competent in statistics: likelihood, confidence intervals, and why a p-value is not a probability that a hypothesis is true. · Can write analysis code in Python or C++ that another person can run on the same data and reproduce. + 6 more