Search by what the work actually is

Nano Engineering & Nanotechnology

What this division designs, who designs it, and the rule that maturity is stated in every claim.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-6 m

Can explain why a property changes when a material is made small, in terms of surface-to-volume ratio or quantum confinement. · Has interpreted characterisation data — microscopy, diffraction or spectroscopy — and can state what the technique cannot tell you. · Materials science to the level of relating structure to a measurable property. · Can carry out and document a calculation or an analysis in Python that somebody else can rerun. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

Cells and their real behaviour over life, including the failure mode that ends them.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 5 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

Cycling data analysed for degradation, reporting the trend rather than the best cycle.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

Nanoscale structures that have to work in contact with living material, and what that constrains.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

One bio-nano interface studied computationally, with what the model leaves out written down.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

What this division works on, who works on it, and the rule that approvals come before work.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

The pipelines and the statistics the division's biological conclusions rest on.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 5 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

Materials meant for biological contact: response, degradation, and the failure the material eventually has.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

Sensing concepts developed to a limit of detection derived in a realistic sample matrix.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

A scoped biotechnology question worked through with its biosafety and ethics context stated.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

Catalysts modelled and assessed, including deactivation rather than initial activity alone.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 6 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

A material for a climate application assessed against a stated environmental requirement.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

Biological questions answered computationally, with confounders addressed rather than mentioned.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

A public biological dataset analysed end to end in a pipeline that reruns from raw data.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

The modelling the division's energy claims rest on, and the honest accounting of losses.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

What this division works on, who works on it, and the rule that a laboratory result is not a deployable technology.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

Materials for energy applications, developed against a requirement and reported with conditions.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

One energy material or system analysed with its performance conditions stated throughout.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

Nanomaterials for environmental use, and the question of what happens to them afterwards.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

The division's scientific direction and the hardest problems at the biology-engineering boundary.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

The division's scientific direction and its hardest materials problems.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Biology, Biotechnology & Bio-Nano Systems

Several bio-nano programmes at once, and the ethics and safety discipline across all of them.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^-3 m

Molecular biology to the level of explaining how a measurement in an assay relates to the underlying biology. · Has analysed a real biological dataset and stated its batch effects or confounders. · Statistics for biological data: multiple testing, effect size, and why a significant result can be meaningless. · Python or R for bioinformatics, with a reproducible pipeline. + 4 more

Energy, Environment & Climate Materials

Several energy programmes at once, and the conditions-with-every-figure discipline across them.

Scale 10^-9 m to 10^6 m

Can relate an electrochemical measurement to the underlying process, and say what the measurement cannot distinguish. · Thermodynamics to the level of an energy balance over a real system. · Has analysed cycling or performance data and reported degradation rather than a best cycle. · Python for analysis of experimental or simulated energy data. + 4 more

Materials & Advanced Matter

Two-dimensional materials, where the substrate and the edges determine most of what is measured.

Scale 10^-10 m to 10^-7 m

Can relate a crystal structure to at least one measurable property and explain the mechanism. · Reads a phase diagram and can say what happens on cooling through a boundary. · Has analysed real characterisation data — diffraction, microscopy or mechanical testing — and stated its uncertainty. · Python for data analysis over a materials dataset. + 4 more